dated 5 May 2017

This manual provides a reference to assist the user in the technique of identifying friendly, hostile, or foreign country aircraft. This manual provides information on current operational aircraft that are observed worldwide or in the combat area. It can be used as source material for personnel conducting unit training in visual aircraft recognition (VACR). The procedures in this publication apply throughout the United States Army (USA).

This publication applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard and the USA Reserve unless otherwise stated.  The target audience for VACR training and execution includes leaders, trainers, and evaluators of Air and Missile Defense units all the way down to Soldier level.  VACR is a highly perishable skill and must be trained on and evaluated regularly in conjunction with table training.  While it is the Soldier on the ground, weapon system in hand that is executing VACR, leaders at all levels must be proficient at this skill.

Soldiers utilize VACR to identify a possible enemy target that could cause grave danger to friendly forces. Once identified, the Soldier must act accordingly. Soldiers must be knowledgeable in the identification of all types of aerial platforms ranging from fixed, tilt, and rotary wing aircraft and unmanned aircraft, in order to protect friendly forces and to prevent fratricide.

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• This book is a "mini" (7 1/4 inches high by 5 1/2 inches wide) size - A popular size to carry anywhere (briefcase, large pocket, purse) but the print is large enough for easy reading.  It has coil binding, allowing for easy page flipping.

  The covers are laminated for weather protection with black and white inside printing